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mcq questions for class 10 science
Q. 1) The part of the alimentary canal where
complete digestion of food takes place is:
(a) Mouth cavity (b) Stomach
(c) Liver (d) Small intestine
Answer: (d) Small intestine
Explanation: The small intestine is the site
of the complete digestion of carbohydrates,
proteins and fats. The walls of the small
intestine contain glands which secrete
intestinal juice. The enzymes present in it
finally convert the proteins to amino acids,
complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats
into fatty acids and glycerol.
Q. 2) Observe the diagram of structure of
nephron.
Match the labeling referred in column I and
correlate with the function/structure in
column II.
Answer : (d) (I) – (C); (II) – (A); (III) – (D); (IV) – (B)
Explanation: The parts marked (I), (II), (III) and (IV) are:
(1) Glomerulus: These are a bundle of blood capillaries present in the Bowman’s capsule. One end of the glomerulus is attached to the renal artery (it brings dirty blood containing wastes into the kidney) and the other end is attached to the renal vein (it carries away the cleansed blood from the kidney). The function of glomerulus is to filter the blood passing through it.
(2) Bowman’s Capsule: It is a double walled cup shaped structure present at the upper end of the nephron.
(3) Collecting duct: The last part of a long, twisting tube that collects urine from the nephrons (cellular structures in the kidney that filter blood and form urine) and moves it into the renal pelvis and ureters.
(4) Tubular part of Nephron: Selective
reabsorption of glucose, amino acids,
large amount of water and salts etc.
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MCQ questions for class 10 science pdf download with answers
Q. 3) A student marked the position of an object and its image formed by a lens as shown in the figure below:
Answer: (a) Type of lens: Concave lens
Position of object: Between infinity and
optical centre of lens
Explanation: The image of the object is virtual
and erect, which is always formed in front of
the lens. As the size of the image is smaller
than the size of the object, that is, a diminished
image is formed, it is a concave lens and object
is placed anywhere between infinity and
Optical Centre of the lens as shown in the ray
diagram below:
Q. 4) When an object is placed in front of a
converging lens, a magnified erect image is
formed. The distance of the object from the
lens will be:
(a) Equal to two focal lengths
(b) Between one and two focal lengths
(c) Equal to one focal length
(d) Less than one focal length
Answer: (d) Less than one focal length
Explanation: A converging or convex lens
forms a real and inverted image of an object
for all positions except when the object is
placed between the focus and optical centre of
the lens. It forms a virtual, erect and magnified
image of the object when placed between
optical centre and focus, as shown in the ray
diagram below:
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Q. 5) The following diagram show the crosssection of leaf.
Choose the correct option with respect
to the function of labelled parts:
(a) A- Helps in transportation of gases
throughout the length of plants
(b) B- Convert chemical energy into
light energy via the photosynthetic
process.
(c) C- Allows gaseous exchange
between the leaf and the outside
atmosphere through the stomata
(d) D- Guard cells from pathogen
attacks
Answer: . (c) C- Allows gaseous exchange between the leaf and the outside atmosphere through the stomata
Explanation: ‘C’ is stomatal aperture. They
allow the exchange of gases (CO2 and O2)
with the atmosphere.
Q. 6) To obtain an image of magnification (–3), an object should be in which position in case of concave mirror?
(a) Between F and 2 F
(b) At F
(c) Between F and C
(d) Beyond 2 F
Answer: (c) Between F and C
Explanation: For m = – 3, the image is real,
inverted and enlarged. The object must be
placed between F and C of the concave mirror.
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Q. 7) Why the sun appears white at noon?
(a) scattering is reduced if the distance to be travelled in air is increased.
b)scattering is increased if the distance to be travelled in air is reduced.
(c) scattering is reduced if the distance to be travelled in air is reduced.
(d) the sun is overhead at noon
Answer: (c) scattering is reduced if the distance to be ravelled in air is reduced.
Explanation: At noon, the sun appear white
because light from the sun travel relatively
shorter distance in atmosphere and therefore
is least scattered.
Q. 8) Which colour suffers least deviation on passing through a prism?
(a) Blue
(b) Red
(c) White
(d) Violet
Answer: (b) Red
Explanation: On passing through a prism red
colour deviates the least while the violet colour
deviates the most.
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Q. 9) A compound is formed between A and B by transfer of electrons from A to B. Which of
the following properties will be shown by
the compound?
(I) It has high melting point
(II) It occurs as solid
(III) It is generally malleable
(IV)It conducts electricity in solid state.
(a) Both (I) and (II)
(b) Both (I) and (III)
(c) Both (II) and (IV)
(d) Both (III) and (IV)
Answer: (a) Both (I) and (II)
Explanation: Ionic compounds are generally
solids, hard and brittle. They have high melting and boiling points and conduct electricity only in molten state or in solution.
Q. 10) On keeping the iron nails dipped in copper sulphate solution for about 30 minutes the changes you will observe is:
(a) Iron nails become brownish in colour
and the blue colour of copper sulphate
solution fades.
(b) Iron nails become brownish in colour and the blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes to orange.
(c) Iron nails become bluish in colour and the blue colour of copper sulphate fades.
(d) No reaction takes place.
Answer: (a) Iron nails become brownish in colour and the blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades.
Explanation: Iron nails become brownish in
colour and the blue colour of copper sulphate
solution fades. This is because iron displacement copper from copper sulphate solution and forms ferrous sulphate which if light green in colour.
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Q. 11) When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed into an aqueous solutions of copper sulphate?
(a) Displacement reaction takes place
(b) Black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained
(c) Yellow precipitate of copper oxide is obtained
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer: (b) Black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained
Explanation: When hydrogen sulphide gas
is passed into an aqueous solution of copper
sulphide double displacement of ions takes
place and sulphuric acid and a black precipitate
of copper sulphide are formed.
Q. 12) Displacement reaction is also known as:
(a) precipitation reaction
(b) combination reaction
(c) substitution reaction
(d) none of the above
Answer: (b) substitution reaction
Explanation: Displacement reactions are also known as substitution reactions. In general a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from the compound.
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Q. 13) On adding dilute hydrochloric acid to
the reaction mixture of sodium sulphate
and barium chloride, white precipitate
disappears. Which of the following is correct
explanation?
(a) HCl decomposes barium sulphite
(b) barium chloride is insoluble in water
(c) displacement reaction takes place
(d) barium sulphite is a salt of strong acid
Answer: (a) HCl decomposes barium sulphite
Explanation: BaSO5 is a salt of a weak acid
(H2SO3), therefore dilute acid such as HCl decomposes barium sulphide produce sulphur
dioxide gas which has the smell of burning
sulphur BaCl2 is soluble in water and therefore
white precipitate disappears.
BaSO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + SO2(g)
Q. 14) The function of heart is:
(a) To lubricate the food for swallowing and helps in digestion of starch.
(b) To receive blood from the veins and
pumps it into the arteries.
(c) To carry digested and absorbed fat from intestine and drains excess fluid from extra cellular space back into the blood.
(d) To receive blood from the arteries and pump if into the veins
Answer: (b) To receive blood from the veins and pumps it into the arteries.
Explanation: The heart is responsible for
pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs and
pumps oxygenated blood around the body.
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Q. 15) Which of the following statement is not correct?
(a) Human heart allows mixing of
oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
(b) Deoxygenated blood poured into right artium of heart.
(c) Human heart does not allow mixing of deoxygenatcd and oxygenated blood.
(d) Both (b) and (c) are incorrect.
Answer: (a) Human heart allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Explanation: The septum is the wall that
separates the chambers on left and right sides of the heart. The wall prevents blood from mixing between the two sides of the heart
Q. 16) Which of the following statement(s) is
incorrect?
(a) Vein are thin walled
(b) Arteries are thick walled
(c) Capillaries are thick walled
(d) Both (b) and (c) are incorrect
Answer: (c) Capillaries are thick walled
Explanation: Capillaries are blood vessels that
are one-celled thick and connect arteries with
veins.
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Q. 17) Which of the following are common heart attack symptoms?
(a) Nausea or heartburn
(b) Shortness of breath, Cold and Caugh
(c) Chest tightness and chest pain
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Answer: (d) both (a) and (c)
Explanation: Some of the symptoms of a
heart attack are chest pain, pressure, fullness,
Q. 18) Which of the following changes are
exothermic in nature?
(a) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in
water.
(b) Decomposition of silver bromide.
(c) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate.
(d) Dilution of sulphuric acid.
Answer: (d) Dilution of sulphuric acid.
Explanation: Reaction of acid or base with
water is a highly exothermic reaction.
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Q. 19) A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was added gradually to the beaker containing acidified potassium permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades
and finally disappears. Select the correct
statement.
(a) Colour disappears due to dilution as no reaction is involved.
(b) KMnO4 is oxidising agent and oxidises FeSO4.
(c) KMnO4 decomposes in presence of FeSO4 as KMnO4 is less stable.
(d) FeSO4 acts as oxidising agent and
oxidises KMnO4
Answer: (b) KMnO4 is oxidising agent and oxidises FeSO4
Explanation: FeSO4(aq) + KMnO4
H
K2SO4
+ MnSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O
Q. 20) Why does not a wall immediately acquire a white colour when a coating of slaked lime is applied on it?
(a) slaked lime reacts with oxygen to form calcium carbonate, which imparts white colour
(b) slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium hydroxide which imparts white colour
(c) slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate which imparts white colour
(d) slaked lime turns white on solidification
Answer: (c) slaked lime reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate which imparts white colour
Explanation: When a solution of slaked lime
is applied on the wall, CO2 gas present in
air slowly reacts with thin layer of calcium
hydroxide to form a thin layer of calcium
carbonate, that is quite white.
Therefore, the newly formed calcium carbonate impart white look to the walls.
Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)
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Q. 21) The pH value of which of the salts will be greater than 7?
(I) Sodium Carbonate
(II) Sodium Chloride
(III) Sodium Sulphate
(IV)Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
(a) Both (I) and (II)
(b) Both (II) and (IV)
(c) Both (I) and (III)
(d) Both (I) and (IV)
Answer: (d) Both (I) and (IV)
Explanation: Sodium carbonate and sodium
hydrogen carbonate are basic salts as they are
formed from a strong base and a weak acid.
Therefore, their pH values will be greater than
7. Sodium Chloride and Sodium Sulphate are
neutral salts as they are formed from strong
acid and strong base
Q. 22) Which is the strong acid?
H2CO3, HNO3, HCl, CH3COOH
(a) HNO3, H2CO3 (b) HNO3, HCl
(c) HCl, CH3COOH (d) H2CO3, CH3COOH
Answer: (b) HNO3, HCl
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Q. 23) Why is sodium metal never left open in air?
(a) It melts at room temperature
(b) It reacts with moisture present in air violently
(c) It reacts with oxygen present in air
violently
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer: (c) It reacts with oxygen present in air violently
Explanation: Because sodium and potassium
is very reactive metal and even combines
explosively with air at room temperature and
catches fire.
Q. 24) Study the given table:
X and Y combine to form a compound of
formula:
(a) X3Y2 (b) X2Y3
(c) XY (d) X3Y
Answer: (a) X3Y2
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Q. 25) The figure below shows the movement of water in a tree.
Based on the above figure, select the correct
options:
(I) The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as transpiration.
(II) Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a suction which pulls water from the phloem cells of roots.
(III) Transpiration helps in the absorption and upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from roots to the leaves.
(IV)Transpiration is the major driving force in the movement of water in the xylem during night.
(a) Both (I) and (II)
(b) Both (II) and (III)
(c) Both (I) and (III)
(d) Both (III) and (IV)
Answer: (c) Both (I) and (III)
Explanation: Evaporation of water molecules
from the cells of a leaf creates a suction which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots.
Transpiration is the major driving force in the
movement of water in the xylem during day
time.
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